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Volume XV |
Hydrology

Exceptional floods in small basins in North-Western Romania and the induced effects – Bârsău River, Maramureș county

1,, 1, 2, 3, 1, 1

Abstract: The study aims to analyse floods from May 1970, June 1974 and May 2015, which occured in the Bârsău catchment area, one of the right tributaries of the Someș River. The junction between these two rivers is downstream of Satulung locality in Maramureș County. Bârsău catchment area is located between the Someș and Lăpuș catchment areas and has a surface of 152 km2. The floods of the Bârsău River are fast and have a very short propagation time. They are caused both by rainfalls and snow melting. This is the case of the flood from May 1970, which had a duration of two days, whereas the floods from June 1974 and May 2015 occured just because of heavy rainfalls. From the three analyzed floods, the May 2015 flood, with a pluvial origin, reached the maximum level of 220 cm (DL+20 cm) at Buciumi gauging station and its effects strongly affected local people. Thus, the damages in the villages located inside the basin were recorded first, then quantified. After that, there were made the integrating maps of the flood prone areas as well as the hydrological and associated risks in order to identify areas with different degrees of vulnerability.

Keywords: , , , ,
Full article 10.5775/fg.2016.116.iDates:
Received: 03-06-2016 Accepted: 19-06-2016 Printed: 30-06-2016 Online: 17-11-2016
Affiliations:
  • 1 Babeş-Bolyai University, Faculty of Geography, 5-7 Clinicilor Street, 400001, Cluj-Napoca
  • 2 Romanian Waters National Administration, 6 Edgar Quinet Street, 010018, Sector 1, Bucharest
  • 3 Romanian Waters National Administration - Someş-Tisa Water Branch, 7 Vânătorului Street, 400213, Cluj-Napoca
Corresponding author:
  • serban@geografie.ubbcluj.ro
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Copyright: © 2016 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
Volume XV |
Hydrology

Spatial and temporal dynamics of human pressure within the Preajba catchment area, Romania

1,, 2

Abstract: This study refers to the spatio-temporal dynamics of human pressure in Preajba basin, located in the southeastern part of Craiova municipality. The statistic and cartographic analysis is based on the determination of a variety of environmental indices: index of human pressure by demographic dynamics, index of human stress through agricultural land use, naturality index, artificialization index and environmental change index. Choosing a grid of 1.5 sqkm for calculating and comparing the artificialization index of the landscape allows a concise analysis on the environmental transformation in the above-mentioned area. Complementary, temporal dynamics of the environmental indices values is highlighted by the choice of some benchmark years, i.e. 1992, 2002, 2012, 2014 to which data and recent cartographic materials from 2009 and 2014 are added. Results, materialized in the obtained values present the state of the environment and the human pressure implications on the Preajba lacustrine ecosystem (maximum values obtained at period level): physiological or agrarian density – 52 inhabitants/ha in 1992 (Craiova); human pressure index through arable – 1.4 ha/inhabitants in 1992 and 2002 (Malu Mare); naturality index of the landscape – 9.43 in 1992 (Malu Mare); environmental change index – 3.69 in 2012 (Coşoveni). Field campaigns conducted in 2015 and 2016 confirm the research results and visually support human pressure on the environment. The proposed measures, in order to stabilize and maintain the good environmental quality in the Preajba basin targets the lacustrine ecosystem by involving local authorities in order to protect the avi-faunistic natural area status of “Preajba-Făcăi Lacustrine Complex”.

Keywords: , , , ,
Full article 10.5775/fg.2016.070.iDates:
Received: 12-01-2016 Accepted: 15-03-2016 Printed: 30-06-2016 Online: 17-11-2016
Affiliations:
  • 1 University of Craiova, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Geography, 12 A.I. Cuza Street, 200585, Craiova
  • 2 University of Bucharest, Faculty of Geography, Doctoral School "Simion Mehedinți", 1 Nicolae Bălcescu Blvd., Sector 1, 010041, Bucharest
Corresponding author:
  • oana_ionus@yahoo.com
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Copyright: © 2016 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
Volume XV |
Geomorphology

Evaluation of land use/land cover classification accuracy using multi-resolution remote sensing images

1, 2, 1, 1,

Abstract: Timely and accurate land use/land cover (LULC) information is requisite for sustainable planning and management of natural resources. Remote sensing images are major information sources and they are widely used for mapping and monitoring various land features. Images from various sensors, with different spatial resolutions, are available; however, the selection of appropriate spatial resolution is an essential task to extract desired information from images. This paper presents the conclusions of the work related to LULC classification based on multi-resolution remote sensing images. Optical data collected by three different sensors (LISS IV with 5.8 m and Landsat 8-OLI with 30 m and AWiFS with 56 m spatial resolutions respectively) in 2013 are examined against the potential to correctly classify specific LULC classes. The classifications of images are performed using Maximum Likelihood Classifier (MLC). The results indicate that the overall accuracy and kappa coefficient of LISS IV with 5.8 m are higher than that of Landsat 8-OLI with 30 m and AWiFS with 56 m images. Understanding the role of spatial resolution in LULC classification accuracy will enable the appropriate interpretation of any classified images.

Keywords: , , , ,
Full article 10.5775/fg.2016.137.iDates:
Received: 18-04-2016 Accepted: 30-05-2016 Printed: 30-06-2016 Online: 16-11-2016
Affiliations:
  • 1 Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India
  • 2 Department of Geography, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
Corresponding author:
  • rprassad.app@itbhu.ac.in
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Copyright: © 2016 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
Volume XV |
Environment

Modelling of Ecosystem Indicators in Geographic Information System Environment (A Case Study of the Sweet Chestnut Forest, Belasitsa Mountain, Bulgaria)

1, 2,, 1

Abstract: The aim of the present research is to show the possibilities of applying computer technology in ecosystem investigations. The object of the research is the chestnut forests located on the Northern slopes of Belasitsa mountain (Southwest Bulgaria). Three study areas are determined for detailed investigation of structural and functional parameters (indicators) of chestnut ecosystems. These areas are located in forests with different ages (45-120 years old), different forestry management and different state. Ecosystem indicators are modeled on the base of field investigation and available published data, and the assessment of the forest state is done by spatial interpolation (inverse distance weighted) in geographic information system (GIS) environment (ArcGIS). Resulting model values are verified and validated by field investigations. An output layer showing the state of the chestnut forest in the investigated region is generated on the base of the raster surfaces, result of the interpolation and application of map algebra. Also, weight coefficients to the assessment values of the different indicators are used which makes the spatial analysis more correct. Created mapping model shows significant matching areas of forests in poor condition and forests in good conditions compared to the relevant determined on the base of forest management plan. The research confirms the advantages of GIS technology in processing large and varied data for assessing the impact of many factors on forest vegetation.

Keywords: , , , ,
Full article 10.5775/fg.2016.089.iDates:
Received: 07-04-2016 Accepted: 10-05-2016 Printed: 30-06-2016 Online: 16-11-2016
Affiliations:
  • 1 Faculty of Forestry, Department of Dendrology, University of Forestry, Sofia, Bulgaria
  • 2 Faculty of Geoexploration, Department of Geoinformatics University of Mining and Geology, Sofia, Bulgaria
Corresponding author:
  • v.nikolova@mgu.bg
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Acknowledgements: The study was realised with the financial support of the project: Assessment of the dynamic of structural and functional parameters of chestnut coenosis (CastaneasativaeMill.) – Belasitsa in the condition of global climate change (CAST Bul), 2003-2004, NFA.
Copyright: © 2016 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
Volume XV |
Biogeography

Floristic composition and functional zones pattern of the beach-dune system along the Danube Delta coast – Romania

1,

Abstract: This paper presents the floristic composition of vegetation for each feature on a beach-dune system sector from the western Black Sea coast, Romania. The studied site is a relatively small fragment of the 10 km shore on the southern part of the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (DDBR) that may be susceptible to anthropogenic pressure in the coming years. Out of the 38 identified species, ten are threatened species according to the national Red List of endangered plant species. Compositae and Poaceae are the families with the highest number of species. The analysis of floristic spectrum shows a mixture of elements of plant communities, but Pontic and Ponto-Caspian elements are prevalent. Physiognomically, the foredunes in the Danube delta coast have a typical morphology, with a smooth profile and do not exceed 2 m high. They are vegetated by herbaceous annual and perennial plants, but in terms of abundance the native dune builder rhizomatous grasses are rare. The fore dunes from this Black Sea coast sector serve as vital habitat and refuge for Convolvulus persicus L. within the western limit of its geographical range. This endemic Ponto-Caspian element defines a particular habitat type within the Black Sea biogeographic region: “Pontic shore dunes with Convolvulus persicus L.” Currently, the main threats of this habitat are cattle grazing and the increasing touristic activities (human trampling, horse riding and all-terrain vehicle riding).

Keywords: , , , , ,
Full article 10.5775/fg.2016.093.iDates:
Received: 06-06-2016 Accepted: 30-06-2016 Printed: 30-06-2016 Online: 16-11-2016
Affiliations:
  • 1 Faculty of Geography, Meteorology and Hydrology Department, University of Bucharest, 1 Nicolae Bălcescu Blvd., Bucharest, Romania
Corresponding author:
  • danielastrat@gmail.com
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Acknowledgements: This paper presents partial results of the research program of Sfântu Gheorghe Marine and Fluvial Research Station, Tulcea, which belongs to Faculty of Geography, University of Bucharest. The author would like to thank the following students for their assistance with the collection of the field data: Toader Maria, Ţepurică Cristian, Ionescu Diana. Special thanks to Gabriel Dascălu for graphic help.
Copyright: © 2016 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
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