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Abstract: Panimbang sub-district, located in the subduction zone of the Indo-Australian plate and directly facing Mount Anak Krakatau, is highly vulnerable to tsunami hazards. The region’s geographic location and its coastal topography make it particularly susceptible to the devastating impacts of tsunamis. This study assesses the region’s preparedness to manage tsunami risks using Geographic Information System (GIS) tools to model evacuation routes and estimate potential inundation areas. The research evaluates the effectiveness of the region’s evacuation capacity, considering critical factors such as population distribution, land cover, and the time required for residents to evacuate safely.
The study’s findings indicate that 74.91% of the 512.73 hectares of residential area in Panimbang is at significant risk of tsunami impact, potentially affecting approximately 38,723 people. This high level of exposure underscores the urgent need for tailored evacuation strategies, particularly in densely populated areas, to minimize the risk of casualties. The analysis also highlights the importance of enhancing infrastructure and disaster preparedness plans to increase the resilience of communities most vulnerable to tsunami threats. The research provides valuable insights into the critical elements of tsunami disaster management. It can serve as a crucial reference for future studies focused on improving evacuation routes, shelter planning, and other essential aspects of critical infrastructure. By addressing these areas, future efforts can more effectively safeguard the population in tsunami-prone regions, ensuring a more efficient and organized disaster response that significantly reduces the potential for loss of life and property.
Abstract: Conflicts between farmers and pastoralists have had devastating consequences in Nigeria’s Benue Valley. While previous studies have emphasized environmental resource scarcity arising from population growth, environmental degradation, and climate change as the main sources of scarcity engendering conflicts, the social production of scarcity through accumulation by dispossession has received limited attention. This paper fills that gap by investigating the farmer-herder conflicts in the Benue Valley and highlighting how scarcity of critical land is socially produced through capitalist accumulation by dispossession. This scarcity leads to tensions between pastoralists and farmers, underscoring the relevance of accumulation by dispossession in this specific context.
Abstract: The commune of Po in Burkina Faso is an area with high agroecological potential and favorable climatic context. These assets make the commune one of the preferred destinations for agropastoral population, in search of better living conditions. This situation has an impact on the dynamics of land use and land cover. The aim of this study is to assess the nature of land cover as well as the intensity of their use over the last two decades (2003-2023). Changes were detected using remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS). The methodology is based on supervised classification by maximum likelihood, which has made it possible to highlight land use and land cover classes. The transition matrix, and the conversion and expansion rates derived from it, indicate that the various land-use units in Po have changed between 2003 and 2023. Vegetation formations (wooded savannah and gallery forest) have declined overall, to the benefit of farms, which have increased by 28.64%. This knowledge of the dynamics of land cover and land use in Po is helping to provide local authorities and technical services with a better understanding of the mechanisms and strategies to be implemented for effective management of the commune’s natural resources.
Abstract: The current article aims to evaluate water contamination in the crossborder section of the Timok River in terms of metalloids and heavy metals. Water pollution comes due to the unregulated discharges of untreated effluents from the Bor mining area (Eastern Serbia) and surrounding ore-smelting plants, dressing and processing factories. Input data includes information concerning the values of eight chemical parameters (As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn), measured at one water sampling site from 2015 until 2020. The analysis follows the Environmental Quality Standards (EQS) for priority substances and some other pollutants recommended in Directive 2013/39/EC and their equivalent criteria transposed into Ordinance H-4/2012. The Heavy Metal Pollution Indеx (HPI) to assess the suitability of water resources for various human needs is calculated. Results obtained show the content of Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn does not fulfill the EQS. The contamination with Cd and Cu is the most severe, the highest concentrations exceeding the normatively determined standards by more than 20 times. The HPI achieves scores ranging from 200.58 (2015) up to 1163.65 (2019), indicating “High pollution” and suggesting the water resources are inappropriate for human consumption. This work complements past studies with findings for a recent period.
Abstract: Solid waste management (SWM) is an essential urban service in every human settlement. Despite its importance, cities globally struggle to guarantee its provision even in developed countries. This study examines SWM practices in Alesinloye, Ibadan, Nigeria. A structured questionnaire prepared with KoboCollect was used to interview 182 households using a convenience sampling technique. Findings revealed that households are predominantly married youth with formal education and largely from the Yoruba ethnic group. It further established that food constitutes the leading solid waste component in households. The food waste, along with other waste materials generated, was disposed of mixed because there is no waste sorting system. The households mainly adopt unhygienic and unsustainable approaches such as disposable polythene bags and open space to store solid waste generated temporarily. The private waste firm was primarily responsible for solid waste collection using door-to-door (kerbside) methods in providing its service. The solid waste collection is mostly executed weekly, and the majority of the households consider it suitable. The households paid users’ charges of between ₦500 ($1.09) and ₦ 2000 ($4.35) monthly, and the variations were attributed to mainly waste quantity. While 75.2% of the households expressed satisfaction with users’ charges on solid waste services, 78.6% were unwilling to pay more for improved services, thus indicating the value placed on environmental quality. Finally, the study recommends the establishment of a SWM system towards zero waste community; the establishment of a waste management committee to serve as environmental stewards; the intensification of public campaigns and awareness of the importance of sustainable SWM, and the resuscitation of the Alesinloye recycling plant.
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