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GIS and Remote Sensing

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Volume XV |
GIS and Remote Sensing, Hydrology

Spatial prediction of flood hazard susceptibility level in Majene urban area, West Sulawesi, Indonesia

1,, 2, 2, 2, 1, 3, 2

Abstract: This study models flood hazard susceptibility in the Majene urban area, West Sulawesi, Indonesia, for 2029–2049 using a GIS-based framework. It examines how land cover transformation associated with rapid urban growth and educational infrastructure expansion influences flood risk. A coupled Cellular Automata–Artificial Neural Network (CA–ANN) model was applied to simulate land cover change, while Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) was used to assess flood susceptibility. Land cover projections were derived from satellite imagery (2014, 2019, 2024). Validation against observed 2024 land cover produced an overall accuracy of 80.51% and a kappa coefficient of 0.62, indicating substantial predictive performance. Flood susceptibility was evaluated through weighted overlay of six biophysical parameters: land cover, slope, elevation, rainfall, distance to rivers, and soil type. Results indicate continued expansion of built-up and plantation areas, accompanied by reductions in grassland and open land. Susceptibility maps classify the area into low, medium, and high zones. Projections suggest a gradual decline in high-susceptibility areas and expansion of medium-susceptibility zones between 2029 and 2049. This shift is associated with increased vegetation cover from plantation growth, which may enhance infiltration and moderate runoff. The findings demonstrate the dynamic interaction between urban expansion and flood susceptibility, providing spatially explicit evidence to support risk-sensitive spatial planning, disaster risk reduction, and sustainable land management in rapidly developing coastal cities.

Keywords: , , , ,
Full article 10.5775/fg.2026.1.3770Dates:
Received: 02-09-2025 Accepted: 12-02-2026 Printed: 30-06-2026 Online: 04-09-2026
Affiliations:
  • 1 Center for Studies on Disasters and Volunteerism, Universitas Sulawesi Barat, Jl. Prof. Dr. Baharuddin Lopa, S.H., Talumung, Majene, West Sulawesi 91412, Indonesia
  • 2 Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Universitas Sulawesi Barat, Jl. Prof. Dr. Baharuddin Lopa, S.H., Talumung, Majene, West Sulawesi 91412, Indonesia
  • 3 Department of Geography, Universitas Negeri Malang, Jl. Semarang 5, Malang, East Java 65145, Indonesia
Corresponding author:
  • anggit.priadmodjo@unsulbar.ac.id
Author contributions: Conceptualization, RM and AP; methodology, NRS; formal analysis, AP, AM and NFM; investigation, MAE; writing—original draft preparation, RM, NRS and AP; writing—review and editing, AM, NFM and AW. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.Declaration of interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Funding: This research was funded by the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sulawesi Barat, under the Internal Research and Community Service Funding Grant for 2024.Acknowledgements: This paper was authored based on a study report financed by the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sulawesi Barat, under the Internal Research and Community Service Funding Grant for 2024. The views articulated in this document are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the perspectives of the funding agency.
Copyright: © 2026 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
Volume XIV |
Geomorphology, GIS and Remote Sensing

Contribution of remote sensing InSAR and optical imagery to the identification of seismic faults in northeastern Algeria

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Abstract: The assessment of seismic risk in northeastern Algeria is one of the main challenges for the region’s development. Seismic risk evaluation is based on the identification of active structures and the tracing of seismic faults. This approach faces a number of obstacles, including the complexity of the geological context, the weakness and imprecision of present geo-cartographic data, the predominance of argillaceous facies and the degradation of morphological expressions of deformation. Remote sensing is a valuable technique not only for the detection and cartography of active faults, but also for seismic risk management and the integration of these risks into sustainable development projects and territorial planning. In this study, we applied two remote sensing techniques: firstly, we have used optical image correlation. This correlation is performed between two images from the Sentinel 2A satellite, in descending mode, acquired at different times, before and after the earthquake. Secondly, we have used interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) which is based on the phase comparison of two SAR (synthetic aperture radar) images, used to construct the “Single Look Complex SLC” interferogram, from the Sentinel 1B satellite which were acquired at different times, but with similar acquisition geometries, covering the same area on the ground surface. The main objective of this study is to cartography and calculates the co-seismic displacements in our study region.

Keywords: , , , ,
Full article 10.5775/fg.2025.1.3692Dates:
Received: 30-05-2024 Accepted: 26-03-2025 Printed: 30-06-2025 Online: 27-07-2025
Affiliations:
  • 1 Department of Urban Techniques and Environment, Institute of Urban Techniques Management, University of Constantine 3, Salah Boubnider, Geo-prospective, Environment, and Development Laboratory, Constantine, Algeria
  • 2 Centre de Recherche en Aménagement du Territoire (CRAT), Campus Zouaghi Slimane, Route de Ain el Bey, 25000 Constantine, Algeria
  • 3 Centre de Recherche en Aménagement du Territoire (CRAT), Campus Zouaghi Slimane, Route de Ain el Bey, 25000 Constantine, Algeria
Corresponding author:
  • imene.souici@univ-constantine3.dz
Author contributions: Conceptualization, I.S.; methodology, I.S., C.B. et Z.Z.; formal analysis, C.B ; investigation, I.S. et Z.Z ; writing—original draft preparation, I.S.; writing—review and editing, I.S., C.B. and Z.Z.Declaration of interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Funding: This research received no external funding.
Copyright: © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
Volume XIV |
Environment, GIS and Remote Sensing

Applying impervious indices using Sentinel-2 data in semi-arid land (North-East Algeria)

1,

Abstract: The urban area estimation in dry and semi-dry climate, is still a difficult. Therefore, identify a reliable impervious index is critical. For that reason, Ain Azel city that located in semi-arid land of North-East Algeria, was the area of test of three impervious indices, namely: the Built-up Area Index (BAI), the Normalized Impervious Surface Index (NISI) and the Urban Area Index (UAI). These indices were derived from Sentinel-2 data and subjected to the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification method, to extract built-up area class. The accuracy assessment results showed that the Overall accuracy (Oa) of the NISI index achieved 92,67 %, which is a little less compared to the (Oa) of UAI index which is about 93.67 %. Based on this, the both indices provided satisfactory result, although the UAI index, relatively, overestimated the built-up area. However, the BAI index that use the Blue and Near-Infrared bands is sufficiently discriminative between highly similar of buildings materials and dry soil; the BAI index produced the accurate built-up mapping with well detection of road networks with (Oa) achieved 95.67% and the highest kappa coefficient which is about 86.54 %. This is due to BAI band’s degree of sensitivity and their high spatial resolution of 10 m. Consequently, the SVM segmentation-based BAI index worked well and the result is promising for accurate modeling of cities with same environment condition, for its sustainable development. However, the performance level evaluation of indices applied in this study, should be retested over different regions in dry land.

Keywords: , , , , ,
Full article 10.5775/fg.2025.1.3688Dates:
Received: 28-01-2025 Accepted: 21-06-2025 Printed: 30-06-2025 Online: 27-07-2025
Affiliations:
  • 1 École Normale Supérieure Messaoud Zeghar-Sétif, Teacher Education College of Setif Messaoud Zeghar, B.P.N 556 El Eulma 19600, Setif, Algeria
Corresponding author:
  • k.rouibah@ens-setif.dz
Declaration of interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Funding: This research received no external funding.Acknowledgements: I would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their highly constructive comments that greatly improved the manuscript.
Copyright: © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
Volume XIV |
GIS and Remote Sensing, Various

Impact of urban morphology on walkability: A case study of the Colonne neighborhood in Annaba, Algeria

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Abstract: Walkability, as a fundamental concept of active mobility, plays a crucial role in improving the quality of life in urban environments. This article aims to examine thoroughly the impact of urban morphology on pedestrian mobility, by analyzing the urban form of the Colonne neighborhood located in the city of Annaba, Algeria. Two approaches are used in this research: a quantitative approach using the Walkability Index, supported by the International Physical Activity and Environment Network (IPEN) project, and a qualitative approach based on a field questionnaire survey. The four variables within the Walkability Index are assessed using a Geographic Information System (GIS) to classify them individually. The results are then compared across zones and street segments most frequented by the respondents , according to the survey. The comparison explicitly reveals a strong positive correlation between the Walkability Index values and people’s tendency to walk. Moreover, the two main streets record the highest walkability values and are the most frequented throughout the neighborhood. This confirms the idea that walkability and levels of outdoor physical activity are strongly influenced by the urban morphology of the neighborhood. These results support the hypothesis that there is a strong relationship between urban morphology and walking practices within urban spaces. Further evaluation of other neighborhoods in Annaba, with varying urban morphologies, could enrich the understanding of walkability across the region.

Keywords: , , , ,
Full article 10.5775/fg.2025.1.3686Dates:
Received: 15-03-2025 Accepted: 22-06-2025 Printed: 30-06-2025 Online: 27-07-2025
Affiliations:
  • 1 Faculty of Earth Sciences, Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Architecture and urban planning laboratory, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria
  • 2 Faculty of Earth Sciences, Regional Planning Department, Natural Resources and Development Laboratory, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria
Corresponding author:
  • feriel_bounabi@hotmail.com
Author contributions: Conceptualization, F.B. and K.B.; methodology, F.B. and K.B.; formal analysis, F.B. and K.B.; investigation, F.B. and K.B.; writing—original draft preparation, F.B. and K.B.; writing—review and editing, F.B. and K.B. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.Declaration of interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Funding: This research received no external funding.Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank the Architecture and Urban Planning Laboratory at Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria, for their administrative assistance and support throughout this project. We are sincerely grateful to Dr. A. Rahmouni and Dr. B. Kebir for their invaluable advice and continuous encouragement.
Copyright: © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
Volume XXIII |
Climatology, GIS and Remote Sensing

Mapping desertification susceptibility in the Hodna watershed Algeria, using a remote sensing-based logistic regression approach

1,, 1, 2, 3, 1

Abstract: This study aims to identify regions prone to desertification in the Hodna basin, which covers a vast area of the vulnerable Algerian Steppes. Thirteen factors were selected as independent variables: geomorphological factors (wind and water erosion, Topographic Position Index (TPI), Drainage Density, Slope, Aspect, Elevation), environmental factors (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Evapotranspiration), soil factors (Land surface Temperature (LST) and Normalized Difference Salinity Index (NDSI), and socio-economic factors (the Human Influence Index (HII) and the Livestock. Due to the lack of previous desertification data, NDVI anomalies served as the dependent variable. all of the variables were mainly derived using remote sensing techniques and a logistic regression model was applied for analysis in the R environment for desertification susceptibility mapping, displaying stable predictive power with a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.76. Unlike the Northern part of the Mediterranean, where water erosion is predominant, wind erosion and soil salinization emerged as key factors in this study, while the socio-economic factors had less influence than anticipated. The resulting map shows that 45.4% of the basin is highly to very highly susceptible to desertification, provinding essential data for targeted intervention strategies.

Keywords: , , , ,
Full article 10.5775/fg.2024.1.3629Dates:
Received: 08-12-2023 Accepted: 28-06-2024 Printed: 30-07-2024 Online: 07-08-2024
Affiliations:
  • 1 Department of Urban Techniques and Environment, Institute of Urban Techniques Management, University of Constantine 3, Geo-prospective, Environment, and Development Laboratory, Constantine, Algeria
  • 2 Centre de Recherche en Aménagement du Territoire (CRAT), Campus Zouaghi Slimane, Route de Ain el Bey, 25000 Constantine, Algérie
  • 3 Department of Geomorphology, Pedology, Geomatics, Faculty of Geography, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
Corresponding author:
  • takkieddine.kharchi@univ-constantine3.dz
Author contributions: Conceptualization, T.K.; methodology, T.K., M.C. and M.Y.; formal analysis, C.B., F.G and M.C; investigation, T.K. and M.Y; writing—original draft preparation, T.K.; writing—review and editing, C.B. and F.G and M.C. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.Declaration of interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Funding: This research received no external funding.
Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
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