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Regional geography

Volume XXI |

An ecological study of vulnerability to COVID-19 in Serbia – using Hotspot Analysis for Evidence-Based Population Health Policy

Abstract: The risk of severe illness or death from COVID-19 is associated with specific demographic characteristics or composition of the population within geographic areas, and the spatial relationship between these areas. The aim of this paper is to identify areas with a higher concentration of population vulnerable to COVID-19, relying on the concept of spatial dependence. Hence, we focus on the share of vulnerable populations using several salient proxy measures at municipality level data for Serbia. The degree of vulnerability at the municipality level was determined by hotspot analysis, specifically the Getis-Ord Gi* statistics. The results indicate heterogeneity in the spatial patterning and typologies of clusters across Serbia. This spatial heterogeneity reveals potentially differing degrees of risk across municipalities. The results can inform decision-makers in the fight against COVID-19 by helping to identify those areas with vulnerable populations that if exposed may stress the local health care system.

Volume XXI |

Transformations of the Ukrainian-Polish border regions: experience of Ukraine

Abstract: The paper addresses the issue of the state border. It emphasizes the fact that the state border is a multi-component and multifunctional phenomenon. It was proved that a legally established and internationally recognized border acquires a sign of politicality. The political boundary is a holistic and dynamic phenomenon, inherent in the internal logic of development. The issues of functioning and institutional support of state borders were generalized. The influence of state borders on the development of border territories was revealed. A scheme for the development and integration of contact border areas has been developed. The factors of contact border regions development were studied, as well as the process of various types of regional socio-economic systems formation under the condition of the predominance of state border certain functions. The importance of the functioning of state borders and the development of border regions for the formation of various types of ties, the level of stability of the border and the formation of a political environment have been clarified.

Volume XX |

Local labour markets and mobility in Spain 2001-2011

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to analyse the changes of Local Labour Markets (LLM) in Spain from 2001 to 2011 of 11 population subgroups (gender, 4 activities, 4 sectors and general population). An algorithmic iterative process with N-1 steps is used to examine commuting data for the 11 subgroups and to trace LLM in both years by maximising the self-containment of jobs (number of jobs occupied by residents of the area and number of residents working in the same area) of the generated areas. Four indexes are calculated for each LLM, and the variation of these four indexes between 2001 and 2011 allows us to classify them as areas that change from areas with a surplus of jobs to deficit areas, or vice versa. The evidence indicates an increase in mobility, difference in the rates of mobility according to subgroup characteristics, and the conversion of surplus markets in employment to deficit markets. These trends give way to wider functional areas and lower levels of self-containment reflected in the length of the journey to work. This impacts quality of life, social cohesion, and the sustainability of the territories.

Volume XX |

Spatial interlinkages of poverty determinants and social space of poverty in Hooghly District of West Bengal: a geographical perspective

Abstract: Poverty is generally regarded as an acute and multi-dimensional deprivation. As poverty is a complex phenomenon with multiple dimensions, no unique homogeneous criterion can be used for its measurement. Researchers and policy makers, therefore, try to collect or construct geographically disaggregated indicators that provide information about the spatial distribution of inequality and poverty within a country. The present paper tries to explore and analyze spatial interlinkages of poverty in Hooghly district with the help of Twelve indicators such as distribution of SC (Schedule Caste) and ST (Schedule Tribe) population, literacy rate, gap in male-female literacy, marginal workers, agricultural labourers, availability of drinking water, availability of electricity, latrine facility, access to banking services etc. The entire study is based on the secondary sources of data obtained from District Census Handbook (2011), District Statistical Handbook (2014), District Human Development Report (2011) etc. For measuring spatial intensity of poverty among the rural blocks of Hooghly district various statistical methods like Dimension index (Di), Kendall’s ranking co-efficient method, Composite Index (Ci), Standard Score (Z score) etc. have been used. As the determinants of poverty have its own linkages with evolving nature of society and space, in the second half of the paper, social location and the genesis of poverty in Hooghly district are also examined vividly. The spatial pattern of poverty and its interlinkages with poverty determinants show positive but differential impacts and it is observed that high intensity of poverty persist in three blocks namely Pandua, Goghat-I and Arambagh. The study also reveals that the severity of poverty is mostly concentrated amongst the lower strata of the society i.e. SC (Schedule Caste) and ST (Schedule Tribe) population because they have been deprived of getting different amenities to sustain their life and livelihood.

Volume XIX |

Spatio-Temporal Analysis of the Disease Incidence in the population of Lviv region

Abstract: The paper focuses on the spatio-temporal analysis of the dynamics of the incidence in the population in Lviv region by the main classes of diseases for 2009-2018. Groups of factors influencing the incidence in the population and the demographic situation in general have been investigated. It was found out that each group of factors can have positive and negative effects in certain regions. The structure of the disease incidence in the population of Lviv region by classes of diseases for the period 2010-2018 has not changed. It is traditionally formed by diseases of the respiratory system, blood and blood-forming organs, circulatory system, endocrine system and neoplasms. The quantitative indicators of changes in the incidence in the population of the region until 2018 by the main classes of diseases in the context of administrative districts are calculated and analyzed. A cluster analysis was carried out to determine the spatial differentiation of the incidence in the population of Lviv region. For clustering, the main indicators were selected by classes of diseases that have the largest specific weight in the structure of morbidity. The cluster analysis made it possible to distinguish two clusters within the region, for which the characteristics in the population morbidity indicators were identified. The analysis of variance (LSD-test) showed the presence of significant differences between the incidences in the population in Lviv region on respiratory diseases. The study of the disease incidence in certain areas makes it possible to predict the state of health and to work out measures to improve the health in the population.