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Geomorphology

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Volume XXIII |
Geomorphology

Soil erosion risk assessments for the Catchment of the Dzebelska River (East Rhodopes)

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Abstract: Soil erosion is recognized as one of the most serious soil threats in Bulgaria. The paper presents assessments of soil erosion factors and risk in the catchment of the Dzhebelska River (Eastern Rhodopes), Bulgaria. The assessments are based on the USLE approach, which was adapted for Bulgarian conditions and integrated with GIS. It is established that about 45% of the territory of the Dzhebelska River catchment are characterized with rains with an average erosivity between 600 and 800 MJ mm/ha h y. Largest percentage share (47%) of the lands in the catchment area is characterized by medium to high susceptibility to erosion (0.03-0.04 t ha h / MJ ha mm). Almost half of the lands in the studied catchment are with a slope above 15°. Significant share of land (32.5%) is with high potential risk of erosion (100-200 t/ha y). Due to the largest percentage share of forestland (57%), lands with actual erosion risk below 3 t/ha y cover about 58 % of the catchment area, while these with a risk above 40 t/ha y cover about 15%.

Keywords: , , , , ,
Full article 10.5775/fg.2024.2.3647Dates:
Received: 18-06-2024 Accepted: 22-11-2024 Printed: 30-12-2024 Online: 28-12-2024
Affiliations:
  • 1 Institute of Soil Science, Agrotechnologies and Plant Protection “N. Poushkarov”, Sofia 1330, Shosse Bankya Str. 7, Sofia, Bulgaria
Corresponding author:
  • m.mitova@issapp-pushkarov.org
Author contributions: All authors contributed equally to this work. All authors discussed the results and commented on the manuscript.Declaration of interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Funding: This work was funded by National Science Fund, Ministry of Education and Science (Bulgaria), Competition for financial support for basic research projects – 2019 (Contract No КП-06-Н34/3,signed on 5.12.2019).Acknowledgements: This research has been carried out in the frame of the project “Application of geoinformation technologies in erosion research in mountain areas – Case studies of Eastern Rhodopes (Bulgaria)” funded by National Science Fund, Ministry of Education and Science (Bulgaria), Competition for financial support for basic research projects – 2019 (Contract No КП-06-Н34/3,signed on 5.12.2019).
Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
Volume XXIII |
Geomorphology

Clarity of the Black Sea – historical measurements of Secchi Depth

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Abstract: Water transparency is a primary indicator used to evaluate the status of marine ecosystems. Although a subjective measure, Secchi Depth (ZSD) is one of the “oldest” and most widely used optical parameters in studies that focus on surface water clarity, with probably millions of observations available in the last century. As recent satellite observa-tions do not cover such extended periods from the past, a comprehensive understanding of the spatio-temporal dy-namics of water transparency requires consistent historical data. In this regard, the present study aims to integrate in-formation from archives of in situ ZSD measurements available for the entire Black Sea. Several potential sources were investigated. Among them, two were identified to have historical measurements of ZSD in the Black Sea, SeaDataNet and Black Sea Ecosystem Processes and Forecasting / Operational Database Management System (NATO SfP ODBMS). A database with all available observations was aggregated for this study, containing a total of 5100 records between 1960 and 2016. The analysis of the spatial variability of ZSD was performed based on a square grid of 30 km x 30 km covering the entire Black Sea region. For each cell, statistics such as the average and the number of ZSD measurements were calculated. Moreover, the spatial and temporal homogeneity of the in-situ observations are assessed and dis-cussed.

Keywords: , , , ,
Full article 10.5775/fg.2024.2.3643Dates:
Received: 09-04-2024 Accepted: 26-11-2024 Printed: 30-12-2024 Online: 28-12-2024
Affiliations:
  • 1 University of Bucharest, Faculty of Geography, 050663, Bucharest, Romania & Terrasigna, 020581, Bucharest, Romania
  • 2 University of Bucharest, Faculty of Geography, 050663, Bucharest, Romania
Corresponding author:
  • ioan.serban@drd.unibuc.ro
Author contributions: Conceptualization, I-D. Ș. and S. C.; methodology, I-D. Ș. and S. C..; formal analysis, I-D. Ș.; investigation, I-D. Ș. and S. C.; writing—original draft preparation, I-D. Ș.; writing—review and editing, I-D. Ș., S. C., A. N. and G. A.; graphic and cartographic materials, G. A. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.Declaration of interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Funding: This research received no external funding.Acknowledgements: Part of the work presented in this study has been carried out by the author during his studies at Doctoral School “Simion Mehedinți”, Faculty of Geography, Uni-versity of Bucharest. The authors are also grateful to Dr. Luminita Buga who eased access to in situ measure-ment available at the National Institute for Marine Re-search and Development Grigore Antipa (Constanta).
Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
Volume XXIII |
Geomorphology

Gully erosion processes and their management in the Trivale Forest Park, Pitești city, Romania

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Abstract: The purpose of this study is to analyze gully erosion processes and their management in the Trivale Forest Park. Although the inclusion of gullies in the category of risk phenomena is still debated, due to their spatial extent and evolution, both longitudinally and vertically, they can pose concern to woody vegetation by altering slope stability. This is the case of the Trivale Forest Park, situated in Pitești city, where gully erosion has been affecting tree growth and recreational activities, such as hiking or cycling, which has led to the implementation of erosion control measures and hydrotechnical structures. By carrying out field observations and cartographic analyses, the research has/proposes/seeks to support two objectives: firstly, to establish the impact of erosion processes on the valleys’ and slopes’ balance by evaluating the type of erosion processes and resulting features and secondly, to assess the exposure of the Trivale Forest area to erosional forms, by using GIS and the frequency ratio (FR) techniques. The results of the multicriteria analysis highlighted, in good agreement with the field observations, the areas most susceptible to slope erosion processes.

Keywords: , , , ,
Full article 10.5775/fg.2024.1.3606Dates:
Received: 26-03-2024 Accepted: 25-06-2024 Printed: 30-07-2024 Online: 07-08-2024
Affiliations:
  • 1 University of Bucharest, Faculty of Geography, Bucharest, Romania
  • 2 Institute of Geography of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
Corresponding author:
  • steff.mihnea@yahoo.com
Author contributions: Conceptualization, Costache M. Ș. and Moroșanu G. A.; methodology, Costache M. Ș. and Moroșanu G. A.; formal analysis, Costache M. Ș.; investigation, Costache M. Ș.; writing—original draft preparation, Costache M. Ș. and Moroșanu G. A.; writing—review and editing, Costache M. Ș. and Moroșanu G. A. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.Declaration of interests: The authors state that they have no conflict of interests.
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Funding: This research received no external funding.Acknowledgements: We gratefully acknowledge Dr. Marta Jurchescu for her valuable suggestions on consulting additional litera-ture resources related to the scientific terminology of gully erosion.
Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
Volume XXII |
Geomorphology

Major and minor elements contribution to discriminate between karst drainage watersheds and to outline underground hydrological connections. An example from Sohodol Valley (Vâlcan Mountains, Romania)

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Abstract: Water samples for chemical analyses have been collected from impenetrable karst springs and from water flows intercepted by caves within the area of Sohodol valley. The analyzed inorganic constituents were noticed to belong to two distinct categories. One category included solutes of variable concentrations, likely related to local allochtonous inputs (Al, NO3) and to local occurrences of decaying organic matter (PO4, NO3), such solutes being hence irrelevant in terms of regional patterns of rock weathering. The other category of solutes (Ca, Mg, Na, K, Sr, Ba, Rb, Fe, HCO3 and SiO2) proved to have concentrations that did not differ between two interconnected water flows (e.g., impenetrable karst springs that discharged from a common water body; a cave stream connected to an impenetrable karst spring). Accordingly, the concentrations of this second group of constituents represented reliable chemical fingerprints of a particular karst watershed. And implicitly, water flows having contrasting concentrations of such solutes were conjectured to belong to distinct karst watersheds, which likely differed in terms of chemical composition of the karstifiable rocks, and/or of the impervious rocks which provided allochtonous recharge to the concerned karst drainage systems.

Keywords: , , , ,
Full article 10.5775/fg.2023.2.3602Dates:
Received: 08-10-2023 Accepted: 15-12-2023 Printed: 30-12-2023 Online: 19-02-2024
Affiliations:
  • 1 "Emil Racoviță" Institute of Speleology, Romanian Academy, 13 Calea 13 Septembrie, 050711 Bucharest, Romania
  • 2 “Sabba S. Ştefănescu” Institute of Geodynamics, Romanian Academy, 19-21 J.L. Calderon, 020032 Bucharest, Romania
  • 3 Independent caver, Bucharest, Romania
  • 4 Silex Brașov Caving Club, 39 Ştefan Baciu, 500170 Brașov, Romania
  • 5 Vulcan Craiova Caving Club, 41 Henri Coandă, Craiova, Romania
Corresponding author:
  • marius.vlaicu@iser.ro
Author contributions: Conceptualization, H.M., N.C., M.V., G.C., C.N., A.C.M.; methodology, N.C., H.M., C.M., M.V., G.C., C.N., A.T., A.C.M., M.P., L.N., M.C., E.S.; formal analysis, N.C., H.M., C.M., G.C., A.T., A.C.M., L.N., M.V.; investigation, N.C., H.M., G.C., A.C.M., M.V.; writing – original draft preparation, H.M., N.C., M.V., G.C., A.C.M., L.N.; writing – review and editing H.M., N.C., M.V. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.Declaration of interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Funding: This research received no external funding.Acknowledgements: The valuable support provided by Agata Teodorescu and Mircea Vlădulescu during field operations, as well as the dedicated assistance of Floarea Răducă in the laboratory work are kindly acknowledged.
Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
Volume XXI |
Geomorphology

Characteristics of volcanic mountains morphostructure of Transcarpathia, Ukraine

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Abstract: The study presents a detailed geomorphological characterization of the volcanic mountains of Transcarpathia. Materials of previous geological researches, including the Transcarpathian geological exploration expedition, supplemented by the results of our own field researches, are systematized. Based on the analysis of relief forms and taking into account geomorphological and tectonic factors, Vyhorlat-Gutyn morphostructure of the second order is divided into morphostructures of the third order: Poprychny, Antaliv-Synyatska, Velykyi Dil, Tupy and Oash, which in turn are divided into morphostructures of lower orders. The Mukachevo morphostructure of the second order is composed of the following morphostructures of the third order: Beregovo hills, Kosino-Biganski hills, volcanic remains (Shalanka, Chorna Gora). Based on a detailed analysis of the collected materials, it was determined that the main role in shaping the modern relief of volcanic mountains belongs to channel and temporary water flows and weathering processe; consequently, river valleys and weathering surfaces were formed, which are the most important morphosculptures. On the basis of morphological and structural-lithological approach, as well as own field research, a geomorphological map of the volcanic mountains mountains of Transcarpathia on a scale of 1: 100,000 was compiled.

Keywords: , , , , , ,
Full article 10.5775/fg.2022.081.dDates:
Received: 30-04-2022 Accepted: 07-10-2022 Printed: 30-12-2022 Online: 09-03-2023
Affiliations:
  • 1 Faculty of Geography, Department of Physical Geography and Environmental Management, Uzhhorod National University, Universytetsʹka street, 14, Uzhhorod, Ukraine
Corresponding author:
  • vasyl.leta@uzhnu.edu.ua
Author contributions: Conceptualization, methodology, writing – original draft, Mykhailo Mykyta; writing - review & editing, validation, Maryana Salyuk, Roman Slavik and Mykola Karabiniuk; data curation, Vasyl Leta. All authors have read and agreed to the published.Declaration of interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Funding: This research received no external funding.
Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
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