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Environment

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Volume XXII |
Environment

Fire signal in lakes and peatlands in Romania during the Holocene: A review of methods, groundwork and achievements

1,, 1, 1, 2

Abstract: In this article, we provide a review of research that explores the extensive history of wildfires across Europe, focusing specifically on Romania’s territory. Lakes and peatlands serve as ideal sources for reconstructing charcoal fluxes resulting from vegetation burning. These natural resources are extremely sensitive to local environmental changes, and the deposition of allochthonous material is exclusively atmospheric. The analysis of macro-charcoal is the primary method for reconstructing local and regional wildfires. This article aims to emphasize the significant studies on paleofires, and the processing and identification methods of macroscopic charcoal particles, which include charcoal number, morphology, and CharAnalysis. The review of scientific achievements in Europe and Romania provides valuable insights into these methods. We aim to investigate the potential of modern international paleofire databases, such as the Global Charcoal Database and Reading Palaeofire Database, which provide updated information on local and regional paleofire occurrences during the Holocene period. We will also make use of software tools that generate maps based on network data, such as VOSviewer Bibliometric Analysis, to visualize and study the wildfire in Romania. Furthermore, we will analyze the publications related to this topic that are available in the Web of Science database. We analyzed the results of paleofire studies in Europe and Romania to determine the primary research directions linked to fire reconstruction. Our review revealed that most of the study sites in Romania are in the Carpathians, particularly at higher elevations, followed by mid-elevation areas. However, lowlands have been less investigated up to this date.

Keywords: , , ,
Full article 10.5775/fg.2023.086.iDates:
Received: 12-01-2023 Accepted: 20-06-2023 Printed: 30-06-2023 Online: 26-09-2023
Affiliations:
  • 1 Department of Geography, Ștefan cel Mare University, 720229 Suceava, Romania
  • 2 Department of Geography, Ștefan cel Mare University, 720229 Suceava, Romania / Geoconcept Association of Applied Geography, 727110 Cârlibaba, Romania
Corresponding author:
  • mindrescu@atlas.usv.ro
Author contributions: Conceptualization, A.P., and M.M.; methodology, A.P.; formal analysis, D.I.; investigation, A.F.; writing—original draft preparation, A.P.; writing—review and editing, A.P., D.I., A.F., M.M. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.Declaration of interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
Volume XXI |
Environment

Estimating organic carbon in soils modified by technical processes in Kula Municipality (Bulgaria)

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Abstract: The current study focuses on the investigation of soil organic carbon in Technosols in Kula Municipality. It has several aims. There is a need of a provision of more data, regarding carbon sequestration rates in topsoils in plains that are formed in subhumid climatic conditions. Another aim is to check the comparability of the in-profile cultural layer with other ones that are built in different climatic conditions. Objects of the research are contemporary since buried soil horizons play a major part on the provision of essential ecosystem services. The characteristics of soil organic matter are determined by a chemical analysis of six soil samples in the laboratories of the Institute of Soil Science, Agrotechnologies and Plant Protection (ISSAPP) “N. Pushkarov”. The total carbon content is determined by the test of Turin and soil color is determined by Munsell Soil Color Charts (1975). Soil organic carbon values in topsoil vary from 670,000 tons/ha to 1,240,000 tons/ha. Organic carbon in the studied sites represents less than 1% of the soil sample. The study may be regarded as the first step in the assessment of Bulgarian Technosols and their role in the global carbon cycle.

Keywords: , , , ,
Full article 10.5775/fg.2022.213.dDates:
Received: 26-04-2022 Accepted: 09-10-2022 Printed: 30-12-2022 Online: 09-03-2023
Affiliations:
  • 1 Faculty of Geology and Geography, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Tsar Osvoboditel Blvd., 15, Sofia 1504, Bulgaria
Corresponding author:
  • saraffov@gea.uni-sofia.bg
Author contributions: Conceptualization and original draft preparation, A.S., P.B. and B.G.; methodology, A.S.; formal anal-ysis, P.B. and B.G.; investigation, A.S.; writing—review and editing, P.B. and B.G. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.Declaration of interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Funding: The study is supported by the project “Ecosys-tem/landscape services provided by Technosol in Bulgaria” (contract 80-10-103/16.04.2020), fi-nanced by the budget of Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski” for scientific research in the year of 2020.
Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
Volume XXI |
Environment

Covid-19 lockdown effect on aerosol optical depth in Delhi National Capital Region, India

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Abstract: Coronavirus cases in India have been steadily increasing since March 2020. COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been managed by a variety of preventative measures. A prominent measure by the Government of India to prevent the spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) began on March 25, 2020, with a complete suspension of all outdoor activities throughout the country. Such complete lockdown has resulted in a decrease in anthropogenic emissions, which is partly due to restrictions on human activities. Delhi National Capital Region (NCR), a landlocked area, suffers from high amounts of aerosols due to both natural and anthropogenic sources. The present research focuses on changes in Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) prior to and during lockdown (initial and second lockdown phases) around satellite cities (Faridabad, Ghaziabad, Gautam Budh Nagar and Gurugram) of Delhi using high-resolution MODIS AOD product. With the implementation of lockdown measures in phase I and phase III of the current study region, AOD decreased dramatically, while phase II and phase IV lockdown phases had a higher concentration of aerosol. An unexpected increase in AOD occurred during the second lockdown compared with the initial lockdown and before the lockdown. Overall, the average percentage change from 2019 to 2020 during first lockdown is -4.44%, while the average percentage change from 2020 to 2021 is 27.63%.

Keywords: , , , ,
Full article 10.5775/fg.2022.192.dDates:
Received: 15-06-2022 Accepted: 10-12-2022 Printed: 30-12-2022 Online: 08-03-2023
Affiliations:
  • 1 Amity Institute of Geoinformatics and Remote Sensing (AIGIRS), Amity University, Sector 125, Noida-201313, U.P., India
  • 2 Department of Geography, School of Earth Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Kadaganchi, Karnataka, India
  • 3 Department for Geoinformatics–Z_GIS, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
  • 4 Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti Language University, Lucknow-226013, India
  • 5 Haryana Space Applications Centre Node, Gurgaon New labour court building, Mini Secretariat, Sector 11, Gurugram, Haryana 122001, India
Corresponding author:
  • swagata.gis@gmail.com
Author contributions: Conceptualization, S.G; methodology, X.X.; formal analysis, V.S.; investigation, V.S.; S.G. writing—original draft preparation, V.S.; writing—review and editing, S.G.; S; P.K.R.; Resources provision: S.; P.K.R.; S.S. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.Declaration of interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Funding: This research was funded by Science & Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science & Technology (DST), Government of India (Project File No. ECR/2017/000331). It is also partially supported for mobility activity by the ERASMUS+ Programme of the European Union.Acknowledgements: MODIS AOD products were available at Level-1 Atmosphere Archive & Distribution System (LAADS) (https://ladsweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/). Authors are thankful to NASA AERONET federation, AERONET scientific team and principal investigators for establishing, maintaining the sites, and providing AERONET data at https://aeronet.gsfc. nasa. gov/.
Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
Volume XXI |
Environment

Solid waste management as an urban area regulation in Algeria. Case of El-Khroub city

1, 2, 1,

Abstract: The phenomenon of urban pollution is one of the most serious problems that affect people in the world, as it causes the spread of epidemics and diseases that threaten their health. As in the case of other societies, this also represents an important issue for Algeria. Therefore, through this work, we decided to take an example of urban pollution in an Algerian city of historical and administrative importance, represented by the city of El-Khroub located in the province of Constantine; the aim was to monitor the reality of urban waste management in the city center, the disinfection and disposal of urban solid waste. Through this, we monitored the most important ways that local authorities follow to eliminate solid waste, including landfill or incineration, where household waste annually reaches 2045328 tons. The dirt still floats in the city neighborhoods, because of the ignorance of the population, as well as the lack of authorities to ensure a clean and sustainable environment.

Keywords: , , , , ,
Full article 10.5775/fg.2022.039.dDates:
Received: 20-07-2022 Accepted: 07-12-2022 Printed: 30-12-2022 Online: 08-03-2023
Affiliations:
  • 1 Laboratory for the Management and Valorisation of Natural Resources and Quality Assurance, Akli Mohand Oulhadj University of Bouira, Algeria
  • 2 University of frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Department of Geography and Land Use Planning, Constantine, Algeria
Corresponding author:
  • n.lamri@univ-bouira.dz
Author contributions: This work was a joint work, each researcher put his trace. naziha LAMRI and Amna BELAYADI thought on the subject treated, faiza ABBAS carried out the methodology as she collected statistics from different directions, we shared the plan of work between us and each author took his share of drafting to finish as early as possible and after we made revision sessions together. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.Declaration of interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Funding: This research received no external funding.Acknowledgements: The authors are grateful to the editor and the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and helpful suggestions.
Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
Volume XXI |
Environment

Ecosystem behavior face to climatic changes and anthropogenic actions. Case study: a north-eastern urban wetland, Tunisia

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Abstract: Wetlands environments are ecosystems threatened by climate change and urban sprawl. Studying the behavior of Sabkhaof Sousse, the green lung of the industrial region of Sidi Abd Elhamid in north-eastern Tunisia, is necessary to improve the living conditions of the population living within this ecosystem. This study analysis the impact of climate change and human activities on the seasonal and pluriannual behavior of this Sabkha by using multitemporal series of high-resolution satellite imagery, and a survey among the inhabitants of the area. Shorelines from 2003 to 2019 were vectorized in GIS environment using georeferenced images from Google Earth platform. Then, Land Use Land Cover changes were detected by using Environment Visualizing Imageries software. Results show that built-up and cultivated areas have increased by 4.3 % and 18.5 % respectively in the North and East side of the study area. Moreover, climatic changes during the seasons lead to changes in the soil occupation. Hence the importance of setting up strategies to preserve this brittle ecosystem. The development of an urban park around the Sabkha will enhance the local population’s living conditions while also protecting the Sabkha from degradation.

Keywords: , , ,
Full article 10.5775/fg.2022.217.dDates:
Received: 02-07-2022 Accepted: 30-09-2022 Printed: 30-12-2022 Online: 08-03-2023
Affiliations:
  • 1 High Institute of Agronomic Science of Chott Mariem (ISA-CM), Sousse University, B.P 47.4042 Chott Meriem Sousse-Tunisia/ National Agronomic Institute of Tunis, Lr GREEN TEAM (LR17AGR01), Carthage University, B.P 43, Avenue Charles Nicolle 1082 Tunis Mahrajène-Tunisia
  • 2 Babeş-Bolyai University, Faculty of Geography, 5-7 Clinicilor, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Corresponding author:
  • allouchekhebour@yahoo.fr
Author contributions: Conceptualization, Faiza Khebour ALLOUCHE and Rania AJMI; methodology, Faiza Khebour ALLOUCHE and Rania AJMI; formal analysis, Faiza Khebour ALLOUCHE, Rania AJMI and Safa belfekih BOUSSEMA; writing—original draft preparation, Faiza Khebour ALLOUCHE and Rania AJMI; writing—review and editing, Safa belfekih BOUSSEMA and Gheorghe ȘERBAN. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.Declaration of interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Funding: This research received no external funding.Acknowledgements: The authors would like to express their appreciation for the municipality of Sousse, Tunisia, for the administrative and technical support.
Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
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