Abstract: The article sets out to explain the changes that occurred in the social-economic structure of Dolj county’s population, taking into consideration the differences between the male and the female population. The present analysis is based on the processing and mapping a large amount of statistical data from the 2011 population census.Identification and analysis of territorial imbalances were made on the basis of several significant indicators: the general activity rate, the economic dependency ratio, the unemployment share within the occupied population, the occupied population share in agriculture and other economic activities, the level of education of the active population. The results of this research pointed out some significant differences between the urban and the rural areas of Dolj county, but also between the male and female population.