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Volume XX |

Image of Hajduks and Uskoks and its role in formation of traditional sports and games as intangible heritage of Ex-Yugoslav area

Abstract: The history and cultural memory of hajduk’s and uskok’s movements in the Balkan territory are well-documented, and even became recognized as a part of tangible and intangible heritage through the Balkan region. The historical and cultural importance of those movements is mostly reflected in oral epic literature, toponomastics, and some local traditions and customs. The research aims to analyze the contexts of “hajduks and uskoks” heritage in the territory of former Yugoslavia (Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro), and in particular, the reflections of cultural remains of those movements emphasized in oral traditions and traditional sports and games as intangible cultural heritage of the region. Special focus is placed on various traditional “hajduk games and skills” which were transmitted to the traditional sports events, and reflect great similarities on a regional level. This is confirmed by a comparison of selected events of the ex-Yugoslav area within different contexts. These events are perceived as part of living folk culture and sort of public memorialization of hajduk’s and uskok’s movements and historic battles, recently becoming a prospective element of intangible cultural heritage with international recognition (eg. Nevesinje Olympics, Alka of Sinj, Ljubičevo Equestrian Games, etc.). However, under the process of popularization and globalization, traditional folk sports and games became a sort of invented tradition under the process of commoditization and commercialization. The scopes and popularity of such sports events and traditions are limited and endangered, demanding more public attention, reaffirmation and support.

Volume XX |

Treehouse tourism: issues and way forward

Abstract: Tourism is a major global sector relevant for many economies, however it is also recognized that tourism brings various negative social, cultural, economic and environmental impacts. This is particularly the case of conventional/mass tourism. Different forms of so called – alternative tourism – are supposed to offset these negative impacts and to promote a more sustainable development. Treehouse tourism (TT) fits within these new sustainable and experiential trend. We must also recognize a grooving need to provide unique, specific travel and accommodation experiences by the tour operators and hoteliers, in order to be competitive with others. This, in turn, leads to an overuse of the term sustainable, in the situations which are not sustainable at all. Still, though the TT is widely recognized by world tour operators, the academic literature and associable debate on this topic is almost non-existent. The present article focuses on specifics, gaps and challenges of TT from biological, social and environmental perspective. At the end, most remarkable recommendations are provided – including the general TT model. Because of lack of previous literature, debate and the comparable statistics, the paper should be considered more as a start of debate, than a comprehensive analysis.

Volume XX |

Does the online education ensure the effectiveness of teaching and evaluation of Geography?

Abstract: Online education developed greatly during the Covid 19 Pandemic. Although there were online learning and teaching resources before 2020, they were not sufficiently tested or used. In modern geography, students must develop their skills, knowledge, be motivated and involved in geographic inquiry. Our objectives are related to the research question of this study, namely how students perceive this new form of evaluation, online evaluation, and whether they have certain preferences related to the tools used in online assessment (Google Forms and Wordwall). Data on students’ perceptions regarding these online assessment tools were collected through an online questionnaire on a sample of 85 fifth graders. The analysis methods were word cloud analysis and multivariate statistical analysis. The results obtained showed that students are open to online assessment through new methods. Moreover, this type of assessment offers them a simpler alternative to learn, with them better understanding or easily remembering the taught lesson. The appearance of the two user-friendly interface platforms or the easy to use mode is an important variable perceived by students, as they can induce in students the joy of participating in an online competition. There are also negative aspects reported by them, especially related to concerns regarding the internet connection or to time given being too short. The usefulness of these tools is not to be neglected at all, given that the target group has been continuing online education for more than a year and the teaching-learning process must adapt to the current context.

Volume XX |

Risk of Dynamics of the River Stream in Tectonic Areas. Case studies: Curvature Carpathian – Romania and Maghrebian Chain – Algeria

Abstract: The tectonic characteristics of the Alpine orogeny highlight some similarities in the genesis of landforms over large areas. This paper analyses the role of tectonic processes in two subsiding areas with uplift movements. The overall tectonic activity implies the formation and evolution of the hydrographic network and its correlation with the major relief structure, thus forming streams parallel to the high-altitude lines, as well as consistent, transversal, and subsequent streams.These tectonic processes are accompanied by antecedents and/or epigenesis common in the Eastern Carpathians, Romania. Hence the Bistrița River is longitudinal compared to the Bistrița and the Stânișoara Mountains, but also transversal in other sectors. In Algeria, the Northeast, especially the Zighoud Youcef zone (NE of Constantine), is characterized by a particular morphography and morphometry of the river basins which reveals reorganizations of the river network through their transversal or longitudinal characteristics compared to the structure and tectonics of the region. In areas with imminent catchments, the regressive erosion amplifies the slope dynamics and slope processes vulnerability.The uplift and subsidence movements impose reorganizations of the hydrographic network of the catchments with the alternation of the erosion and sedimentation processes it creates a certain fluvial style pattern. In the subsidence of the Întorsura Buzăului depression, the longitudinal profile of the Buzău River has a very low slope and its meanders create islets. This is subject to frequent floods which imposed the riverbed regularization. However, in Zighoud Youcef, the Oued Smendou River also indicates some similarities with the Buzău River structure due to subsiding areas of the Mila-Constantine basin.

Volume XX |

Estimating Soil Erosion Exerted by Water in the Lower Sector of the Jiu River Floodplain and Băilești Plain

Abstract: This paper aims to identify the main areas prone to soil erosion exerted by water within the Băilești Plain and in the lower section of the Jiu River Corridor, a region with a very high agricultural potential. The study is concerned with rainfall erosion. Computing this type of erosion helps us to give better solutions for mitigating topsoil loss rate. For quantifying the amount of soil eroded, we used and adapted RUSLE equation. The obtained values we computed for RUSLE within our area range between 0 and 8.89 t-1/ha-1/yr-1. The most exposed areas to soil erosion exerted by water are located on the steep slopes, in the North-East of our study area, where the rainfall erosivity factor has the highest values, soil erodability factor (K-factor) is also very high, and cover-management factor (C) has the biggest value.