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Volume XVII |
Hydrology

Playing with water – An introduction to experimental hydrology

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Abstract: Water is the most important resource for the humankind, thus understanding hydrological processes could be con-sidered a vital task. Therefore, the main aims of this papers are to assess: (i) the current status of hydrologic field ex-periments; (ii) the techniques and the stages of the field hydrologic experiments at the microscale/plot-scale. Microscale hydrological studies are important both socially and economically as they emphasize the role of key factors (e.g. slope) in the utilization of water resources, the identification of critical hydrological thresholds for mobilizing, the propagation of soil particles in water flows and also the time it takes for pesticides, nutrients, and heavy metals to be mobilized. The key to conducting a successful hydrological microscale experiment lies in performing repeated attempts in the field. From an economic point of view, expedition (temporary) hydrologic field experiments are beneficial, as they shorten the working period and reduce the financial costs of the data acquisition process. One of the challenges of experimental hydrology is the manipulation of “upscaling” or the statistical approach taken towards gathering and processing data.

Keywords: , , ,
Full article 10.5775/fg.2018.084.iDates:
Received: 20-02-2018 Accepted: 01-05-2018 Printed: 30-06-2018 Online: 09-12-2018
Affiliations:
  • 1 Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, University of Bucharest, 36-46 Bd. M. Kogălniceanu, Sector 5, 050107, Bucharest, Romania
  • 2 National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management, 97 E Bucureşti - Ploieşti Road, Sector 1, 013686, Bucharest, Romania
  • 3 Instituto de Geomorfología y Suelos, Department of Geography, University of Málaga, 29071, Málaga, Spain
Corresponding author:
  • gabriel.minea@hidro.ro
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Acknowledgements: Gabriel MINEA would like to express his gratitude to the Research Institute of the University of Bucha-rest (ICUB) for its financial support to carry out the postdoctoral research, and to the National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management for his agreement. We sincerely thank to Sandu BOENGIU editor-in-chief and reviewers of the Forum Geografic for their cordial supports to enhance our work in an organized way.
Copyright: © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
Volume XV |
Hydrology, Various

A Special Issue: Hydrological Behaviour in Small Basins Under Changing Conditions

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Abstract: The present paper aim to overview on the Euromediterranean Network of Experimental and Representative Basins conference – ERB 2016. The 16th Biennial Conference ERB was held 5–8 September 2016 in Bucharest, Romania, and was hosted by National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management. The conference program focused on the theme “Hydrological behaviour in small basins under changing conditions”. The conference was followed by a field work on microscale hydrologic monitoring of water balance elements in Voinești Experimental Basin.This special issues of Forum geografic/Geographical Phorum – Geographical studies and environment protection research (indexing in international databases) includes selected works – contained a variety of hydrology subjects – presented at the Euromediterranean Network of Experimental and Representative Basins conference. All published papers are assigned to Digital Object Identifier (DOI).

Full article 10.5775/fg.2016.010.sDates:
Printed: 30-12-2016 Online: 21-05-2017
Affiliations:
  • 1 National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management, 97 Bucureşti - Ploieşti Road, Sector 1, 013686, Bucharest, Romania
  • 2 Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Luís Reis Santos, Pólo II – Universidade de Coimbra, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal
Corresponding author:
  • gabriel.minea@hidro.ro
  • gianina.neculau@hidro.ro
  • plima@dec.uc.pt
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Acknowledgements: We specially thank National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management; Romanian Association of Hydrological Sciences and SCIENTIFIC COMMITTE of 16th Biennial Conference ERB: Hubert HOLZMANN, ERB coordinator (Austria), Niko VERHOEST (Belgium), Miroslav TESAŘ, (Czech Republic), Daniel VIVILLE (France), Britta SCHMALZ (Germany), Luca BROCCA (Italy), Edvinas STONEVICIUS (Lithuania), Christophe HISSLER (Luxemburg), Piet WARMERDAM (The Netherlands), Johannes DEELSTRA (Norway), Janusz SIWEK (Poland), João de LIMA (Portugal), Gianina NECULAU (Romania), Sergey ZHURAVIN (Russia), Ladislav HOLKO (Slovakia), Mitja BRILLY (Slovenia), Jérôme LATRON (Spain), and Liudmyla GORBACHOVA (Ukraine). It gives us a great pleasure to thank all of the authors for their contributions to the special issue. We also thank the editor in chief, Professor Sandu BOENGIU Ph.D. (Faculty of Sciences, Department of Geography - University of Craiova) of the Forum geografic, for the opportunity to publish this special issue. Thank you to all our reviewers for generously sharing your time, insight, and expertise with manuscript authors in the evaluation of their work. The Guest Editors gratefully acknowledge the commitment of all the reviewers and colleagues, who supported us in the publication of this Special Issue on: “HYDROLOGICAL BEHAVIOUR IN SMALL BASINS UNDER CHANGING CONDITIONS”. We hope you enjoy this Special Issue.
Copyright: © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
Volume XV |
Hydrology

Temporal rainfall properties at events scale in the Curvature Subcarpathians (Romania)

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Abstract: Characteristics of rainfall events (RE) play a determinant role in the hydrologic process in a small catchment (e.g., runoff formation, flood elements), water balance and water resource management. The goal was to investigate temporal rainfall properties at events scale. The study was based on long-term properties of rainfall events (e.g., depths, intensities), recorded in the warm semester (the period between 1 April and 30 September; 1980-2010) at Voinești Experimental Basin (VEB), Romania. Rainfall events values were recorded by a pluviograph, production of the former USSR. The rain gauge is situated at the central place of the VEB (altitude 500 m a.s.l.), in Curvature Subcarpathians. A valuable database with 1852 rainfall events characteristics was created. The depths (mm) and durations (min) of each RE were recorded and rainfall maximum and average intensities (mm/min) were calculated. Rainfall events were characterized by small depth (up to 15.7 mm; up to 90th percentile) ~ 93% and they were concentrated (34.4%) in May. Almost half of RE (48.2%), had short duration (up to one hour) and the smallest depth (95% confidence interval, 3.85–4.56 mm), while those with durations longer than 5 hours (10.5%) were specific the September (22.5%). Regarding maximum intensities of rainfall events, just 16 events exceeding 1 mm/min (0.86%), which denote insignificant occurrence – encountered phenomenon in all months, especially in August – and mild torrential character. Insignificant rainfall events correlations between rainfall parameters were observed. Just “time – depth” correlation has been notable (Pearson’s r: 0.631). Absolute frequency of rainfall events parameters in most cases shows a strong density of smallest interval. These results may have important implications for next runoff plot study.

Keywords: , , , , ,
Full article 10.5775/fg.2016.141.sDates:
Received: 27-12-2016 Accepted: 28-02-2017 Printed: 30-12-2016 Online: 21-05-2017
Affiliations:
  • 1 National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management, 97E Bucureşti - Ploieşti Road, Sector 1, 013686, Bucharest, Romania
  • 2 Faculty of Geography, University of Bucharest, 1 Nicolae Bălcescu Blvd., Sector 1, 010041, Bucharest, Romania
Corresponding author:
  • gabriel.minea@hidro.ro
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Acknowledgements: We thank National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management to provide the hydrological data and for allowing Mihaela ILIESCU M.Sc. and Florin DEDU M.Sc., currently studying for a master’s degree at the Faculty of Geography, University of Bucharest, to carry out practical activities, focused on documentation, create a high database (transfer and analyse data; data storage from paper to Excel worksheets format and research), in the team of the Section of Experimental Hydrology. We appreciated Gabriela TOROIMAC Ph.D. and Dana CONSTANTIN Ph.D., respective anonymous reviewers that help to substantially improve the paper, and to Professor Liliana ZAHARIA Ph.D. (University of Bucharest), for the supportive and encouragement gave throughout the study. Also, Gabriel MINEA would like to thank Ladislav HOLKO, Ph.D. - Institute of Hydrology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, for (re)search motivation in VEB database; Gheorghe NIŢĂ and Cătălin BARBU (fieldwork specialists of VEB), for their assistance during the field measurements and for supplying information about data collection techniques.
Copyright: © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
Volume XIII |
Hydrology

Research of water balance at hydrological micro-scale in the Aldeni experimental basin (Romania)

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Abstract: The paper presents a number of aspects regarding the Aldeni Experimental Basin (Romania). In order to experimentally investigate micro-scale (plot scale) hydrological impact of soil erosion, the National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management founded, in 1984, the Aldeni Experimental Basin (AEB). AEB is located in the Curvature Subcarpathians, a region characterized by a sharp erosion of soil. Experimental investigations at a micro-scale are aimed towards: determining the parameters of the water balance equation, during natural and simulated rainfall; researching of runoff genetic and soil erosion processes on runoff plots; extrapolating relations involving runoff coefficients from a micro-scale to meso-scale. Runoff plots have A = 80 sq m (20 x 4m), WNV-ESE aspect and an average slope of 5.6%; one runoff plot is maintained with grass, and the other is devoid of grass by digging (processing) and the structure of the first horizon with a depth of 20 cm has been changed, which resulted in a greater development of infiltration than in the first runoff plot. Complex measurements and sampling observations of the necessary elements for the quantitative estimation of the water balance equation are achieved with the help of specific equipment on standard climatologic and hydrological time (hourly and pentads) at hydrometric stations and meteorological platform, while at runoff plots scale per rainfall event. Nowadays, the latest evolutions in data acquisition and transmission equipment are represented by sensors (such as sensors to measure the soil moisture). Exploitation and dissemination of hydrologic data is accomplished by: research themes/projects, yearbooks of basic data (Experimental Basins Yearbook) and scientific papers.

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Full article 10.5775/fg.2067-4635.2014.104.dDates:
Received: 26-09-2014 Accepted: 20-12-2014 Printed: 30-12-2014 Online: 20-03-2015
Affiliations:
  • 1 National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management, 97 Bucureşti - Ploieşti Road, 1st Sector, 013686, Bucharest, Romania
  • 2 Faculty of Geography, University of Bucharest, 1 N. Bălcescu Avenue, 1st Sector, Bucharest, Romania
Corresponding author:
  • gabriel.minea@hidro.ro
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank the Scientific Director of the NIHWM, Mrs. Mary-Jeanne ADLER PhD, for allowing Ms. Gabriela MOROȘANU, currently studying for a master’s degree at the Faculty of Geography, University of Bucharest, to carry out practical activities, focused on documentation and research, in the team of the Experimental Hydrology Section, NIHWM and for offering her the opportunity to use the facilities of the Aldeni Experimental Basin. In particular, we thank the Aldeni Experimental Basin staff: Maria MANTA hydrological technician and Tudor BUZDUGA hydrometer.
Copyright: © 2015 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.
Volume XIII |
Hydrology

Statistical assessing of hydrological alteration of Buzău River induced by Siriu Dam (Romania)

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Abstract: In this paper we evaluate the hydrological impact produced on the river mean daily discharge (water) of Buzău River by Siriu Dam. The study data was the daily mean discharge registered from the 1st of January 1955 to the 31st of December 2010, at the Nehoiu hydrometric station on the Buzău River. The flow of this river is controlled in its upper reach by Siriu Dam, from 1984. The main method used for the evaluation of the hydrologic alteration at temporal scale was based on the tests provided by the Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration (IHA) software. The statistical analysis proved that the built of Siriu Dam had a moderate influence on the mean daily discharge regime of Buzău River at large time intervals, significant changes appearing at small time scales.

Keywords: , , , ,
Full article 10.5775/fg.2067-4635.2014.104.iDates:
Received: 15-01-2014 Accepted: 30-04-2014 Printed: 02-06-2014 Online: 08-08-2014
Affiliations:
  • 1 National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management, Bucharest, Romania
  • 2 Technical University of Civil Engineering, Doctoral School, 122 - 124, Lacul Tei Bvd., 020396, Bucharest, Romania
Corresponding author:
  • gabriel.minea@hidro.ro
Citation:
APA 6 | Harvard 2008 | Turabian 6 | MLA 7
RIS | BibTeX
Acknowledgements: We would like to extend our gratitude to the valuable reviews and comments by the anonymous referees. Also, thanks to the Scientific Director, Mary-Jeanne ADLER PhD from the NIHWM, for permission to access to the hydrological data base, Marius BÎRSAN PhD from NMA for his support, and Executive Editor Liliana POPESCU PhD, from for her support during the review period.
Copyright: © 2014 The Author(s). Published by Forum geografic.
Provided under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License.
Open Access article.

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