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Abstract: The present article aims to identify the areas with high susceptibility in the acceleration of the surface flowing of the water and thus, in the delivery of the flash-floods from the hydrographical basin of the Bâsca Chiojdului river, which is situated in one of the most vulnerable areas in Romania (bend area) at the hydrological phenomena of risk. The analysis of the susceptibility was possible by taking into consideration ten main factors that we considered to play an essential role in the genesis of the flash-floods. There resulted a map of the flankʼs surfaces with high susceptibility in the flash-floods’ delivery and their triggering at the layer level of the hydrographical network in the basin. The proposed index, FFSI (Flash Floods Susceptibility Index), resulted from the summation of the analyzed factors, presents mainly the highest values within the area of Drajna Depression, where most of the settlements from the basin are located. The high genesis susceptibility of the flash-floods in this area is due to the association of the most numerous risk factors that we analysed, namely lithology favourable to the pronounced flowing, slopes with high values, high degree of deforestation etc. The areas identified as being critical from the point of view of the potential of flash-floods formation present a high risk for the genesis and triggering other related phenomena such as floods and landslides.
Abstract: In this paper we evaluate the hydrological impact produced on the river mean daily discharge (water) of Buzău River by Siriu Dam. The study data was the daily mean discharge registered from the 1st of January 1955 to the 31st of December 2010, at the Nehoiu hydrometric station on the Buzău River. The flow of this river is controlled in its upper reach by Siriu Dam, from 1984. The main method used for the evaluation of the hydrologic alteration at temporal scale was based on the tests provided by the Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration (IHA) software. The statistical analysis proved that the built of Siriu Dam had a moderate influence on the mean daily discharge regime of Buzău River at large time intervals, significant changes appearing at small time scales.
Abstract: Plant cultivation activities represent the widest form of environmental agression at global scale. Their sustainability influences the stability of natural ecosystems at local, regional and global level. In this context, the aim of this study is to assess the sustainability of arable land in ROSCI0123 Măcin Mountains using the Pimentel- Eulenstein model. The model takes into account as input data various parameters characterizing the agricultural activities in the whole area occupied by six administrative units (mechanization, chemical treatment, irrigation etc.), this way assesing the energy efficiency and sustainability of crop plants. The results show that the exploitation of arable land in ROSCI0123 Măcin Mountains is done unsustainably in terms of energy efficiency, leading to a medium risk of affecting the valuable environmental components. Under these conditions, improved farming management is a key component in the management of ROSCI0123 Măcin Mountains.
Abstract: The various natural resources and the industrialization policies implemented during the communist regime have resulted in the opening of many mines and quarries, inclunding the Mount Mateiaș exploitation. The aim of this study is to give warning against open pit mining, which has a direct and conspicuous impact on landscape dynamics and the cultural-historical value of Mount Mateiaș. The research methodology consisted in field observations, accomplished during the period 2009-2012, the analysis of limestone quarry expansion by using GIS techniques, and the application of a semi-structured interview, the results of which were processed subsequently in QSR-Nvivo 10. The analysis and processing of cartographic materials highlighted that during the interval 1979-2012 strip mining has dramatically altered the topography (by excavation works, land leveling, access road construction, accelerated slope erosion, collapses, torrential erosion etc.). These add to other processes and phenomena that have a negative impact on the environment (soil loss, massive deforestations, air pollution with suspended particles etc.). Despite these realities, most people living in the neighborhood of Mount Mateiaș (the Valea Mare-Pravăț, Dragoslavele, Stoenești and Câmpulung communes) deem that quarrying is vital for the development of local communities. Under the circumstances, the only economically productive and ecollogically protective measure advanced by the authors is the identification of possible solutions for the restauration of the quarry, given that limestone exploitation will not end in the medium term. Last, but not least, we suggest that the results of the present investigation be included in the pre- feasibility and feasibility studies of a potential future rehabilitation.
Abstract: The paper is discussing the importance of assessing forest dynamics based on several statistical and cartographic supports considered to be the most representative for the last century. The selected maps are able to point out the forest cover changes for three time frames (1912-1971; 1971-1990; 1990-2006) related to the relevant multi-temporal statistical and cartographic data as well as historical events such as land reforms, political changes related to the transition to the intensive and extensive communist agriculture and the post-communist period strongly related to the decolectivisation and privatisation of agriculture leading to the emergence of new types of property, an excessive land fragmentation and deforestation (illegal logging). The authors are aiming to analyse land use conversion and forest covered areas dynamics in relation to the main socio-political and natural driving forces by means of GIS methods (binary change index and trend index) based on a series of significant cartographic documents and a large and complex geodatabase.
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